*A paper back law student book - by writers of 6 published bar essays Think of exams as hundreds of elements to be applied to various stories called hypos rather than numerous important bottom lines and vital conclusions to be reached one way or another. It is the application of element to fact that gets points not the correct outcome. All passers know how to patiently apply element to fact - the others think our job is simply to show that bottom-line liability exists or does not.