The effect that recent technological advances in aviation-related software, hardware, and infrastructure have had on pilots' visual flying skills and their increased reliance on such devices during cloudless flights is examined in this authoritative reference. Visual Attitude Reference (VAR), the revolutionary flight training program, is at the centre of this discussion and answers a long-awaited call for a visual flight instruction program similar to that of Basic Attitude Instruments (BAI). Core VAR concepts such as lesson segments, task prioritisation, and proficiency segments for performance manoeuvres -- all of which lead to improved training efficiency and sound aeronautical decision -- are discussed, as well as visual situational awareness and the pilot ramifications of plane maintenance. Additional information is also provided on passing checkrides and oral examinations, scenario-based training, pilot maintenance responsibilities, and FAA special-emphasis programs including the TAA Safety Study and Human Factors Design Standard.