The book dwells on biodiesel fuel and its production process through pyrolysis as it was used for the production and testing of biodiesel from African mesquite seed oil also known as Prosopis africana. It is a set of research insight into the strategies used for the production and the resultant output which reveals the potentials of the seed as an energy crop. Pyrolysis experiment, chemo-physical properties, biodiesel yields, engine performance, GC-MS analysis, FTIR determination were all conducted with interesting and revealing results which were in conformity with ASTM standards for use as fuels in compression ignition engine. Chapter one presents great insights into the study while chapter two reviewed related works that directed the adopted approach. Chapters three and four are the methodology used with interesting result output while chapters five and six discuss the applicational implication, breakthroughs and research outcomes which is the direct point of departure. The book is a good resource material for researchers, scientists, engineers and technologists who are working in the area of renewable and alternative energy, biofuels, biodiesel and related disciplines.