This book is primarily a critique of traditional (Western) economics from the perspective of Confucianism that values the pursuit of the golden mean or moderation, rather than that of maximizing utility (material-want satisfaction), profit and income. To some extent, this primer explains the basic reason why there has been a conflict between the top 1 percent and the rest 99 percent of the American people and it suggests a way of reducing this conflict. The way is to replace the self-interested economic man of traditional economics by the self-cultivated gentleman of golden mean economics in all economic inquiry.