Paulli (1603-80) was a Danish physician and naturalist who was a professor of anatomy, surgery and botany at the University of Copenhagen. He was the first court physician to Frederick III of Denmark and the author of several treatises on medicine and botany. This work against the use of tobacco and tea was first published in 1661 and later translated into English by Dr Robert James in 1746. James (1703-76), a friend of Samuel Johnson, was an English physician best known as the author of A Medicinal Dictionary.