The fifth volume in the Aboriginal Policy Research series derives from the proceedings of a pre-conference workshop on gender issues related to defining identity and Indian status (often referred to as Bill C-31). Inian and Northern Affairs Canada and Status of Women Canada joined forces to lead development on a full-day pre-conference workshop on March 19, 2006, that brought together historical, demographic and legal scholars, as well as First Nation community representatives. The book is divided into four sections. The first examines the historical dimension of Bill C-31, the second section looks at community impacts, the third at demographic impacts, while the concluding section examines legal issues and future directions.