Over the last few years, rate of nosocomial infection is incresing rapidly. Previously considered non pathogenic organism are jumping in the list of pathogenic or " Opportunistic pathogenic organisms". These rapidly changing conditions demanads to sort out the hygenic conditions of life inside the hospital or out side. Therefore, this work is designed to have a look on an emerging threat to patients "specificaly peads". This book, provides an introduction of an organism ACINETOBACTER Specie and an over view of work done on this organism previously. A complete method is described to isolate, identify, and confirmation of it in microbiological prospective. Results of the study are concluded in one chapter and discussed in an other chapter with plenty refrences which supports the argument that ACINETOBACTER IS AN EMERGING THREAT TO THE LIFE !!!!!