Accumulation of agriculture wastes, such as bagasse, and development of alternatives to petrochemical-based polymer have received more attention in the last two decades due to increasing the population and increasing concern to the environmental safety. This study is a trial to contribute in resolving these problems through two main approaches. The first is related to the natural binder-based paper composites and the second is concerned with preparation and characterization of advanced cellulosic derivatives having liquid crystalline properties.