This book consists of 7 chapters on recent advances in chemistry research. Chapter 1 connects quantitatively among 3D molecular and electronic structures; energetics; thermodynamics and diffusion parameters of observable soft-ionization mass spectrometric molecular ions and their fragmentation products. Chapter 2 focuses on the modification approaches of various natural polysaccharides, especially cellulose, chitosan, starch and alginate, via uncontrolled radical polymerization (UCRP) and controlled radical polymerization (CFP). Chapter 3 examines the excess physical and thermodynamic properties as a means for predicting molecular interactions in binary liquid mixtures. The goal of Chapter 4 was related to the productivity analysis of a continuous chemical reactors, considering the closed-loop performance of the reactor under a Proportional-Integral (PI) controller. Chapter 5 is a comprehensive review on the new ferrocene functionalized copper complexes which are explored in different organic transformations. Chapter 6 examines the luminescence quenching method for dissolved oxygen (DO). Finally, the authors of Chapter 7 discuss single-walled carbon nanotubes based sensors for biomedical analysis, the latter of which requires fast and reliable screening methods for the fast assessment and diagnosis of different diseases.