This book contains seven selected chapters covering advances in health and disease. Chapter One reviews the properties of plasmids and their role in human diseases. Chapter Two examines chronic kidney disease and its disturbances on the gastrointestinal system. Chapter Three reviews ginsenosides and their health benefits as well as their role in disease prevention. Chapter Four discusses how first-generation somatostatin analogues changes the outcome of acromegaly. Chapter Five is an overview of the pathophysiology of diabetes mellitus and its impact on the gastrointestinal system. Chapter Six is a narrative review of superior mesenteric venous thrombosis. Chapter Seven is an overview of hub genes and their role in myocardial ischemia, additionally it is discussed how exercise can modulate, improve, and reverse these pathways.