This volume includes nine chapters that detail recent advancements in medicine and biology. Chapter One describes how to sequence the genomes of medicinal plants using the genetic engineering toolkit developed during the sequencing of human genome. Chapter Two gives brief details about the biochemical and therapeutic importance and the developed methods for the determination of riboflavin in bulk and pharmaceutical preparations. Chapter Three encompasses the current state-of-art successful computational drug design strategies that include curated databases, virtual high-throughput screening, pharmacophore modelling and biomolecular interaction network analysis tools. Chapter Four focuses on recent advancements in high temperature effects on plants, from heat perception to its manifestations in growth, development and defense, with a special emphasis on jasmonates, which play an important role in responding to developmental and environmental cues. Chapter Five describes the symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment of granulomatosis with polyangiitis. Chapter Six examines progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy reactivation in Anti-CD 20 antibodies. Chapter Seven explores the therapeutic potential of eugenol, an allyl-substituted guaiacolphenol. Chapter Eight summarizes the development of genome manipulation techniques for next-generation lactic acid bacteria. Finally, Chapter Nine discusses methods for overcoming molecular processes that cause violations of the regularity of fibrin structure and their functional complications.