Advances in Mutagenesis Research: Advances in Mutagenesis Research, cartea 4

Nikolay W. Timofeeff — Ressovsky (1900 — 1981) An Essay on His Life and Scientific Achievements.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Autobiographical Notes.- 3 Scientific Achievements.- References.- Arylnitrenium Ions and the Genotoxic Potency of Aromatic Amines and Nitro Compounds.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Reactive Metabolites of Arylamines and Nitroarenes.- 3 Photochemical Formation of Arylnitrenium Ions from Arylazides.- 4 Chemical Structure and Mutagenic Potency of Arylazides/Arylnitrenium Ions.- 5 Reactivity of Arylnitrenium Ions and Genotoxic Potency of Aromatic Amines and Nitro Compounds.- 6 The Contribution of the Organism to the Genotoxic Potency.- 7 Conclusions.- References.- Formation of 8-Hydroxyguanine by Oxidative DNA Damage, Its Repair and Its Mutagenic Effects.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Formation of oh8Gua in DNA by Oxygen-Radical Forming Agents.- 3 Repair of oh8Gua Residues in DNA.- 4 Induction of Mutations by oh8Gua in DNA.- 5 Discussion.- References.- Exploring Genetic and Nongenetic Relationships: The Induction of Micronuclei.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Simulation Studies.- 3 Comparison of Structural Fragments.- 4 Discussion.- References.- Analysis of Mutagenicity and Chemical Structure in Various Series of Related Compounds.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Monocyclic Compounds.- 3 Naphthalene and Structurally Related Compounds.- 4 Quinoline and Structurally Related Compounds.- 5 Biphenyl and Structurally Related Compounds.- 6 Anthraquinone and Structurally Related Compounds.- 7 Fluorene and Structurally Related Compounds.- 8 Discussion.- References.- Mechanism of Induced Mutagenesis by Ultraviolet Light in Escherichia coli.- 1 Background and Perspective.- 2 General Aspects of UV Mutagenesis.- 3 Main Lesions Produced by UV Light and Its Role In Mutagenesis.- 4 Mutational Spectra of UVLight.- 5 The Protein RecA and UV Mutagenesis.- 6 Role of UmuC and UmuD.- 7 Involvement of Polymerases in UV Mutagenesis.- 8 Untargeted Mutagenesis.- 9 Towards a Mechanistic Model of Base-Pair Substitution Mutation by UV Light.- References.- Polytene Chromosomes in Mutagenesis.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Characterization of Polytene Chromosomes.- 3 Polytene Chromosomes — a Tool in Molecular Genetics.- 4 Conclusions and Perspectives.- References.- Three-Way Differential Staining of Chromosomes for the Identification of SCEs per Cell Cycle: Fundamentals and Applications.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Fundamentals of the Three-Way Differentiation.- 3 Applications of the TWD Staining Method.- 4 TWD Staining in Plants.- 5 Conclusions.- References.- The Mammalian Centromere: Centromere Separation, Kinetochore Proteins and Aneuploidy.- 1 Introduction.- 2 The Centromere.- 3 The Kinetochore.- 4 Centromeric DNA.- 5 Kinetochore Proteins.- 6 Is There a Centromerease?.- 7 Sequential Centromere Separation.- 8 Pericentric Heterochromatin and Centromere Separation.- 9 Repetitive DNA and Centromere Separation.- 10 Multicentric Chromosomes.- 11 What is Centromeric DNA?.- 12 Kinetochore Proteins and Chromosome Migration.- 13 Nuclear Blebbing.- 14 Chromosome Location with Regards to the Spindle.- 15 Centromere Separation in Human Disease and Evolution.- 16 Conclusions.- References.- Chorionic Villi Analysis.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Historical Development.- 3 Patients.- 4 CVS Techniques and Risk Estimations.- 5 Cytogenetic Techniques.- 6 Cytogenetic Data.- 7 Molecular Analysis.- 8 Conclusions.- References.