This book comprehensively discusses the advances in respiratory disease and infection. Medicine is a dynamic science. Every day we witness novel advancements and enhancement of our knowledge in the pathogenesis, structure of diseases, latest diagnostic modalities, treatment options and various challenges in the management of diseases. The same can be said for respiratory diseases, with the development of new respiratory pathogens having great impact on the respiratory system. Respiratory diseases are significant contributors to the morbidity and mortality of humankind since ancient times and their prevalence is increasing with new diseases being identified despite the little significance that has been given to respiratory diseases due to limited awareness of physicians and general public. This book aims to present detailed studies about different respiratory infections including viral, bacterial, and helminthic infections.