Aerobic exercise refers to exercise that involves or improves oxygen consumption by the body. Aerobic means "with oxygen", and refers to the use of oxygen in the body's metabolic or energy-generating process. Many types of exercise are aerobic, and by definition are performed at moderate levels of intensity for extended periods of time. To obtain the best results, an aerobic exercise session involves a warming up period, followed by at least 20 minutes of moderate to intense exercise involving large muscle groups, and a cooling down period at the end. This new and important book gathers the latest research from around the globe in the study of aerobic exercise and athletic performance with a focus on such topics as: the anti-inflammatory effects of exercise, physical exercise in Parkinson's disease, physical activity and women, aerobic exercise capacity and pulmonary function, aerobic exercise with chronic kidney disease, biomechanics of martial arts and combative sports, and others.