Agronomy is the science concerned with the study of agriculture. It encompasses the study of the principles and practices of crop production and soil management. Besides crop production, this field is also vital for fruit and vegetable production. The discipline of agronomy is also concerned with soil fertility and soil conservation. Different varieties of soil are analyzed and percentage composition of macronutrients such as compounds of phosphorus, nitrogen, potassium, magnesium, calcium and sulfur are studied. Based on these compounds, strategies are devised for balancing soil nutrients for optimal plant growth. An important area of agronomy is the management of agricultural systems from an ecological and environmental perspective. This includes the practice of organic farming, sustainable agriculture, alternative cropping systems and food systems. This book outlines the processes and applications of agronomy in detail. It is a valuable compilation of topics, ranging from the basic to the most complex advancements in this field. For all readers who are interested in agronomy, the case studies included in this book will serve as an excellent guide to develop a comprehensive understanding.