Three years ago, millions of Egyptians celebrated the resignation of former president Hosni Mubark after thirty years of autocratic rule. For a moment, some believed that forcing such a strong regime to surrender to the desire of non-violent protestors meant a huge set back to Al Qaeda and other groups with militant ideologies that advocate the use terrorism and violence as the only tool for change. Many believe that the core al-Qaeda has been severely damaged, replaced by new franchises, affiliates, and stand-alone organizations that share the same philosophy as al-Qaeda. That is the new threat that we face today. We have seen that, obviously, in Yemen with al-Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula. We have seen it in Iraq with al-Qaeda in Iraq. We have seen it with Boko Haram. We have seen it, to some extent, with al-Shabaab, who carried out the vicious attack in Kenya.