Petroleum technology is a discipline that integrates concepts of several fields such as geology, engineering and geophysics; it primarily covers exploration and extraction of crude oils. However, depletion of conventional fuel sources and their extensive use has resulted into deterioration of environment and increased demand for exploration and consumption of alternative fuels. This book traces the availability of alternate fuels and highlights some of the key concepts and applications of these fuels. The topics included in this book on petrophysics, thermodynamics, biofuels are of utmost significance and bound to provide incredible insights to readers. This book includes contributions of experts and scientists which will provide a multidisciplinary perspective into the fields of alternative energy resources and petroleum technology.