Perhaps no era in Christian history since the time of the apostles presented a greater challenge to the spread of faith than the twentieth century. The First World War in particular resulted in nearly disastrous losses for the world mission movement. Christian countries were engaged in fratricidal conflict, missionaries were forced to return to their homelands, and traditional sources of mission funding dried up. In response to the missions crisis, American Catholic youth devoted themselves to a program of ""prayer, study, and sacrifice""--the Catholic Students' Mission Crusade. Beginning with less than fifty members, the movement grew to over one million youth, and worked to foster support for missionaries in the field, promote missionary vocations, and educate youth about the needs of the church throughout the world. In the course of their ""crusade,"" the movement's youth were exposed the complexities and challenges of diverse religious, political, and cultural worlds, including illiteracy in rural America, communism in China and Eastern Europe, and famine and disease in sub-Saharan Africa. In light of this experience, as well as the Second Vatican Council's reformulation of the Catholic Church's approach to missions, by the late 1960s the movement began to question its goal of converting the world, leading to the Crusade's crisis of faith and eventually to its disbanding. By exploring the fascinating story of the Catholic Students' Mission Crusade, this study offers new insights into the growth of the church amidst contemporary obstacles and historically non-Christian cultures, providing a bridge to understanding the current challenges to Christian globalization. ""David Endres has skillfully recounted the history of the Catholic Students Mission Crusade, whose activities engaged millions of students in U.S. Catholic schools from the 1920s to the 1960s. With his thoughtful weaving of theological, cultural, ecclesiastical, ideological, and missiological themes touching on the Crusade's story, he has created an illuminating study of a previously unexplored aspect of American Catholic life."" --Joseph White Associate Professor of American Church History Catholic University of America ""The historic, theological, intellectual, inspirational, spiritual, biographical, and simultaneous domestic / overseas underpinnings of the Catholic Student Mission Crusade within the twentieth-century American Catholic missionary movement is both superb scholarship and prose by David J. Endres. Especially analyzed well is the link between The Shield, Thomistic scholasticism, Anticommunism, and social justice. American Crusade is essential reading for academics, travelers, benefactors, and college students who participate in contemporary mission efforts at home or abroad."" --Robert E. Carbonneau, CP The Passionist Historical Archives Union City, New Jersey ""The Catholic Students Mission Crusade was one of the largest organizations for young Catholics from World War I to 1970, when the decision was made to disband . . . Dr. Endres meticulously analyzes the CSMC, which incorporated national and international themes to 'reinvent' itself over the decades. His careful research and lucid writing style enhance the quality of the book. He has filled a lacuna in the study of American mission history and U.S. Catholic history and has given us a platform and perspective for interaction with the historiographic frameworks for both fields."" --Angelyn Dries, OSF Danforth Chair in the Humanities Saint Louis University David J. Endres is a Catholic priest serving in the Archdiocese of Cincinnati. He is chaplain and religion teacher at Fenwick High School, Franklin, Ohio and Adjunct Professor of History at Xavier University, Cincinnati.