Americans and the Holocaust: A Reader
Editat de Daniel Greene, Edward Phillips Cuvânt înainte de Sara J. Bloomfielden Limba Engleză Hardback – 30 noi 2021
Americans and the Holocaust explores these enduring questions by gathering together more than one hundred primary sources that reveal how Americans debated their responsibility to respond to Nazism. Drawing on groundbreaking research conducted for the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum’s Americans and the Holocaust exhibition, these carefully chosen sources help readers understand how Americans’ responses to Nazism were shaped by the challenging circumstances in the United States during the 1920s, 1930s, and 1940s, including profound economic crisis, fear of communism, pervasive antisemitism and racism, and widespread isolationism.
Collecting newspaper and magazine articles, popular culture materials, and government records, Americans and the Holocaust is a valuable resource for students and historians seeking to shed light on this dark era in world history.
To explore further, visit the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum's digital exhibit, available here: https://exhibitions.ushmm.org/americans-and-the-holocaust
Published in association with the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum.
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Specificații
ISBN-13: 9781978821699
ISBN-10: 1978821697
Pagini: 265
Ilustrații: 48 color images
Dimensiuni: 178 x 254 x 23 mm
Greutate: 0.71 kg
Editura: Rutgers University Press
Colecția Rutgers University Press
ISBN-10: 1978821697
Pagini: 265
Ilustrații: 48 color images
Dimensiuni: 178 x 254 x 23 mm
Greutate: 0.71 kg
Editura: Rutgers University Press
Colecția Rutgers University Press
Notă biografică
DANIEL GREENE is president and librarian at the Newberry Library and an adjunct professor of history at Northwestern University. He curated Americans and the Holocaust, an exhibition at the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum in Washington, DC.
EDWARD J. PHILLIPS joined the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum in 1994 and directed its exhibitions program from 2008 until his retirement in 2018. He contributed to nearly fifty exhibition projects, including Americans and the Holocaust, the basis for this reader.
EDWARD J. PHILLIPS joined the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum in 1994 and directed its exhibitions program from 2008 until his retirement in 2018. He contributed to nearly fifty exhibition projects, including Americans and the Holocaust, the basis for this reader.
Extras
On March 8, 1923, the Chicago Daily Tribune newspaper made its first mention of the “Bavaria Fascisti Chief” Adolf Hitler. Reporter Raymond Fendrick of the paper’s Foreign News Service noted three particulars about Hitler: his fervent antisemitism, especially his admiration for the antisemitic American automaker Henry “Heinrich” Ford; his 6,000-man force of militarist “shock troops”; and his rising reputation as an outspoken nationalist. But for most of the remaining 1920s, Hitler and his National Socialist (Nazi) German Workers’ Party remained on the fringes of German politics, and American press coverage about them was at best sporadic. Only during the early 1930s, as the Great Depression ravaged the world’s industrial nations, did some Americans begin to pay attention to the meteoric rise of Hitler and the Nazis in Germany and to ask questions about its possible significance.
Americans and the Holocaust: A Reader includes a sampling of the information available to Americans about the Nazi persecution and murder of European Jews between 1933 and 1945. Presented in relatively strict chronological order, the selections intend to prompt readers to consider three essential questions in confronting this history: What did Americans know?” “When did they know it?” “What did they do with that knowledge? We urge readers to continually push against hindsight from their 21st-century knowledge about the Holocaust. We seek to show the ways the US government and American people responded to Nazism by wrestling with the rationales behind their actions and inactions in the context of the moment, which was defined by economic crisis, fear of communism, and widespread views that were isolationist, antisemitic, anti-immigrant, and racist.
These sources also help to overturn the incorrect but commonly held assumption that Americans had little access to information about Nazism during the 1930s and 1940s. Even if it was not always front-page news, information about discrimination against Jews was available to the US government as well as the American public. But the contemporary responses to this information show that the real threats of Nazism and the murderous nature of the regime towards Jews were not comprehended. The relatively wide gap between information and understanding—an essential theme here—directly influenced how Americans responded to Nazi Germany and, eventually, to its annihilation of six million European Jews.
A second animating theme at the heart of this book is the gap between many Americans’ disapproval of the Nazi regime’s treatment of Jews and a will to action among the American people and within the US government to help Jewish victims. The sources included here reveal actions both taken and not taken, especially as some Americans debated whether to provide refuge for those persecuted by the Nazi regime. In doing so, we challenge overly simple, inaccurate statements such as: Americans didn’t do anything to respond to Nazism while also raising an additional critical question: What more could have been done?
Focusing on action and inaction opens this narrative to include many actors—governmental leaders and elected officials, faith leaders, grassroots organizations, culture makers, journalists, “ordinary” people—who faced critical choices about when and how to act, or not to act, in response to Nazism during the 1930s and 1940s. Reading sources that capture these multiple and diverse voices within the context of their times advances our understanding of the range of Americans’ responses to Nazism.
Americans and the Holocaust: A Reader includes a sampling of the information available to Americans about the Nazi persecution and murder of European Jews between 1933 and 1945. Presented in relatively strict chronological order, the selections intend to prompt readers to consider three essential questions in confronting this history: What did Americans know?” “When did they know it?” “What did they do with that knowledge? We urge readers to continually push against hindsight from their 21st-century knowledge about the Holocaust. We seek to show the ways the US government and American people responded to Nazism by wrestling with the rationales behind their actions and inactions in the context of the moment, which was defined by economic crisis, fear of communism, and widespread views that were isolationist, antisemitic, anti-immigrant, and racist.
These sources also help to overturn the incorrect but commonly held assumption that Americans had little access to information about Nazism during the 1930s and 1940s. Even if it was not always front-page news, information about discrimination against Jews was available to the US government as well as the American public. But the contemporary responses to this information show that the real threats of Nazism and the murderous nature of the regime towards Jews were not comprehended. The relatively wide gap between information and understanding—an essential theme here—directly influenced how Americans responded to Nazi Germany and, eventually, to its annihilation of six million European Jews.
A second animating theme at the heart of this book is the gap between many Americans’ disapproval of the Nazi regime’s treatment of Jews and a will to action among the American people and within the US government to help Jewish victims. The sources included here reveal actions both taken and not taken, especially as some Americans debated whether to provide refuge for those persecuted by the Nazi regime. In doing so, we challenge overly simple, inaccurate statements such as: Americans didn’t do anything to respond to Nazism while also raising an additional critical question: What more could have been done?
Focusing on action and inaction opens this narrative to include many actors—governmental leaders and elected officials, faith leaders, grassroots organizations, culture makers, journalists, “ordinary” people—who faced critical choices about when and how to act, or not to act, in response to Nazism during the 1930s and 1940s. Reading sources that capture these multiple and diverse voices within the context of their times advances our understanding of the range of Americans’ responses to Nazism.
Cuprins
List of Illustrations
Foreword
Preface
Note on Sources
List of Abbreviations
Timeline
Prologue
Foreword
Preface
Note on Sources
List of Abbreviations
Timeline
Prologue
Chapter 1: Fear Itself 1933–1938
Chapter 2: Desperate Times, Limited Measures 1938–1941
Chapter 3: Storm Clouds Gather 1939–1941
Chapter 4: America at War 1942–1945
Postscript
Acknowledgments
Chapter 2: Desperate Times, Limited Measures 1938–1941
Chapter 3: Storm Clouds Gather 1939–1941
Chapter 4: America at War 1942–1945
Postscript
Acknowledgments
Further Reading
Credits
Index
Credits
Index
Recenzii
This remarkable book shatters the myth that Americans lacked information about the dangers of Nazism. These diverse, historical sources from multiple voices across the United States leave us with troubling questions about the national will to respond to discrimination, war, and genocide.
This book is an important and exceptionally useful resource for the classroom. Any teacher or student who wants to get a feel for the prevailing sentiments in America during the prelude to World War II and during the war itself will be immensely aided by this important collection of voices. If you want to know what did people know and when did they know it, this collection will help provide the answer.
This wide-ranging, representative, and deeply absorbing selection of American commentary on the plight of Europe’s Jews during the 1930s and 1940s both informs about the past and prompts reflection on the present. Readers will come face to face with the best and the worst of our country’s reflexes, both then and now.
Kudos to Daniel Greene and Edward Phillips for producing this searing collection of contemporary news stories, government reports, and other documents contradicting the common belief that the American government and people had little access to information about the Holocaust as it unfolded. With its haunting parallels to the deep strains in our society today, this is an essential read.
This expertly curated array of primary sources -- newspaper clippings, State Department memos, photographs, and more -- explores the persistent question: What did Americans know about the Holocaust? The answer -- an astonishing amount! -- deepens our understanding of the past and challenges what we think we know about our own times.
"An anthology for those who relish primary source material about the era."
Descriere
This edited collection of more than one hundred primary sources from the 1920s, 1930s, and 1940s—including newspaper and magazine articles, popular culture materials, and government records—reveals how Americans debated their responsibility to respond to Nazism. It includes valuable resources for students and historians seeking to shed light on this dark era in world history.