Genes are the functional units of heredity that direct the production of proteins. The field of genomics is concerned with the collective quantification and characterization of genes, as well as the analysis and sequencing of genomes using bioinformatics and high throughput DNA. It also studies intragenomic processes like heterosis, epistasis, pleiotropy, etc. Some of the research areas in genomics are the study of gene translation, transcription and protein-protein interactions, 3D structures of the protein encoded by a genome, epigenetic modifications on a cell's DNA, and bacterial and viral genomes. Advances in genomics have furthered the understanding of complex biological processes. It has also revolutionized the sectors of medicine and biotechnology. Genomics is an upcoming field of science that has undergone rapid development over the past few decades. It elucidates new techniques in a multidisciplinary manner. This book includes contributions of experts and scientists which will provide innovative insights into this field.