Archaeology is the study of human activity through the recovery and analysis of objects and architecture that surrounds people. It is often considered a branch of socio-cultural anthropology, but also draws from biological, geological and environmental systems. The archaeological record, which is the body of physical evidence about the past, consists of artifacts, biofacts and cultural landscapes. Archaeologists study human prehistory and history. Prehistory is the period between the use of the first stone tools and writing systems, while history follows the invention of writing systems. The discipline involves surveying, excavating and analyzing data to learn more about the past. This book provides comprehensive insights into the field of archaeology. It is compiled in such a manner, that it will provide in-depth knowledge about the theory and practice of this field. This book will serve as a reference to a broad spectrum of readers.