On October 19, 2000, H.R. 4286, the Cahaba River National Wildlife Refuge Establishment Act, was signed into Public Law 106-331. This law established the Cahaba River National Wildlife Refuge in Bibb County, Alabama, and directed the Secretary of the Interior to acquire up to 3,500 acres of lands and waters within the boundary of the refuge. In partnership with The Nature Conservancy, the Service began acquiring land for the refuge in September 2002 and currently has 1,120 acres.