Identifying applications that can reduce fuel consumption and emissions from surface transportation is an important strategy in solving transportation's environmental dilemma. The U.S. Department of Transportation (U.S. DOT) has set out to investigate the problem through several initiatives, one of which is connected vehicle research. The purpose of this report is to document the state of the practice for applications that have demonstrated environmental benefits through ITS technologies, or have the potential to do so, and identify opportunities to leverage existing research. The findings outlined in the report will assist the U.S. DOT in planning and implementing the Applications for the Environment: Real-Time Information Synthesis (AERIS) Program. The findings will also provide the basis for identifying opportunities to further examine and research applications for improving environmental decisions by public agencies and consumers and for improving environmental outcomes through ITS.