Tallgrass Prairie National Preserve (TAPR) is the first National Park Service area established specifically for the preservation, protection, and interpretation of a tallgrass prairie ecosystem. The Heartland Inventory and Monitoring Network began monitoring water quality and invertebrate community structure of two streams (Palmer Creek and Fox Creek) within TAPR's boundary during September 2009. A Surber stream bottom sampler was used to collect 9 benthic samples from each stream. Habitat data were collected from the sampling net frame, and water quality data were recorded hourly using a data logger. This report summarizes baseline aquatic invertebrate monitoring data.