Great human cultures were nurtured and developed on the banks of rivers. Due to increasing industrialization, urbanization and other development activities, most of our water bodies such as ponds, lakes and rivers receive heavy industrial, agricultural and land drainage etc. In the field of water resource management information on the quality of water and sediment of the river is very much essential. The book discusses mainly on the physico-chemical parameters of water and sediments analysed from the four rivers of Manipur, India.