In the decades since the Apollo 11 launch, space technology has become vital to the United States' security, economy, and standard of living. American vehicles need reliable domestic space access for both unmanned and manned payloads. The tensions with Russia as a result of the Ukraine crisis have forced us to rethink part of the relationships that have built up, despite decades of cooperation. In the midst of the Cold War, an American spacecraft and a Soviet spacecraft rendezvoused, docked, and the crews lived together for 9 days in space. When the Cold War ended, we were rightly concerned that weapons and technology were going to get into the wrong hands. To keep a lot of those former Soviet engineers working, there was an extraordinarily successful program of the Nunn-Lugar effort to go in to gather up those nuclear weapons and simultaneously to support the Russian aerospace industry, and to buy the RD-180 engine. Today, those engines play a significant role in meeting our Nation's launch requirements. Now it is time that we have to consider an alternative.