This chronology is designed to collect in preliminary form pertinent information on aeronautical and space affairs. Future historical research and narratives will of course deepen the process of documentation and enrich perspective on the high velocity of contemporary science and technology, as well as their impact and implications. The volume was prepared from open public sources to provide a reference for future historians and other analysts, scholars, students, and writers. Its detailed index was intended to provide ready access to most specialized needs. The year 1965 recounted by this volume was an outstanding one in the U.S. space program. In his space report to Congress, President Johnson called it "the most successful year in our history." It was one filled with noteworthy milestones deriving from less noticed decisions, actions, and labors of previous years. In the same way, milestones of the future are to be seen in their formative stages in this chronology for 1965. In addition to NASA-related events the chronology gives some of the impact on the American scene of the space effort, including critical comment testing in democratic fashion the pace and scale of space efforts. Actions, deliberations, and comment as part of international cooperation and competition are likewise represented in these pages. Hopefully this volume will serve the serious student of today as he seeks knowledge of past events so as to better understand the future. The late Hugh L. Dryden once wrote: "Free peoples everywhere must retain a reliable perspective from which to discern better the future scientific, social, economic, political, and strategic consequences of dynamic advances now underway. The manner of the impact of technology upon society in the future will partly result from the broadest possible appreciation of its full significance." This volume helps to document 12 months marking what Dr. Dryden called "the opening of a brilliant new stage in man's evolution." It should assist its readers in gaining helpful perspective upon man's challenging venture into space.