The International Association of Geodesy (IAG) has recognized the need of global long-term Earth observations and consequently has inaugurated the Global Geodetic Observing System (GGOS) in July 2003. GGOS is dedicated to ensuring precise long-term monitoring of the geodetic observables, the dynamics of the atmosphere and ocean, the global hydrological cycle, as well as natural hazards and disasters, related to a global reference frame defined by integrating different geodetic techniques, models and approaches (www.ggos.org).Within the framework of IAG's GGOS service, measurements using three different space geodetic positioning systems, i.e. Satellite Laser Ranging (SLR), Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS), and Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI), must be carried out at the millimeter level of accuracy. Furthermore, the measurement of the main geodetic observables using these techniques should be accomplished in a consistent manner to ensure a world-wide homogeneous and long-term interpretation of the measurement results. However, the demand to increase the accuracy of the measurements has revealed that their ultimate accuracy is limited by the hardware systems and atmospheric propagation effects. In addition, different atmospheric correction models applied for these space geodetic techniques might jeopardize the consistency of the atmospheric range corrections.The research presented in this thesis mainly deals with the corrections for the atmospheric propagation effects of space geodetic techniques. In order to ensure the consistency of the atmospheric range corrections, a new concept of atmospheric correction modeling is proposed, with all developments of atmospheric corrections being based on this concept. The developments conducted in this research consist of three distinct sections: (1) atmospheric correction formula for two-frequency SLR measurements, (2) unified atmospheric corrections for space geodetic techniques, and (3) corrections of the atmospheric propagation effects using co-located observations of different space geodetic techniques.