A study on quilombola communities and the socio-economic, cultural and environmental importance of babassu (Orbignya phalerata Mart.) extraction in the municipality of Codó-MA, considering that this municipality has as a natural feature the presence of the Cocais Forest in much of its territory, especially babassu. The main goal of this book was to carry out a survey of data on babassu extraction and its role in the socio-economic, environmental and cultural history of the municipality of Codó-MA aiming to enhance actions that lead to sustainable extraction for the extractivist populations, without compromising environmental conditions since, currently, in this municipality, there are many communities that survive directly or indirectly from the extraction of babassu coconuts. A significant number of these communities have started to live solely on this practice, due to the absence of public policies aimed at minimizing unemployment both in rural and urban areas.