The conception of a Colombian state that establishes protection measures without guarantees of non-repetition has not been possible, especially in territories with strategic projections for national development, such as Bajo Cauca Antioqueño, partly due to the fact that the structure of the Colombian state is based on the construction of a nation-state, and not a nation in terms of state-building. This conception has prevented the creation of sustainable and transversal solutions with respect to the territory's own needs and dynamics; consequently, the application of mistaken policies has led to the consolidation of conflict situations and dynamics of violence, which have been exploited by armed actors as a means of legitimising their actions, due to the precarious institutional presence, weak infrastructure and reduced access to the national economic dynamics, justified in part by geostrategic characteristics and difficult access. Likewise, the failed demobilisation processes have had a multiplying effect on the dynamics of violence in the analysed territory.