A fresh look focused on the Neolithic period in southern Corsica and Sardinia through the comparison of the funerary monuments and the recovered artifacts. Short texts supported by many photos shake the certainties established by university theses dealing about the Neolithic Corso-Sardinian or Sardo-Corsican in a common cultural conception. It proves to be, in fact, a powerful cultural and religious antagonism between these two cultures, separated by a short distance through the Strait of Bonifacio, during the Neolithic period. From the 4th millennium BC, the population of the Southern Corsica will develop an original culture and build the largest megalithic statuary of Mediterranean. The author reveals the site of Baldaravita and the hat-shaped stones that are a first discovery of a cultic lithic furniture in southern Corsica which has no equivalent in all other Neolithic cultures, and this globally.