Advanced Renal Cell Carcinoma (RCC) cannot be cured bysurgery alone. Its resillience to irradiation andchemotherapy demands a new approach to the management ofthis disease.This bookprovides an overview of the scientific and clinicaldevelopments of RCC,and clarifies the fields ofimmunotherapy andimmunobiology.The book contains a compilation of approaches that willenhance the effectiveness of the management of advancedRCC,even in the absence of definitive pre-clinical data. Theserequire additional study and will stimulate the reassessmentof preliminary results.Furthermore, preliminary resultsof already implemented clinical trials withbiologicalmodifiers are presented. Of special interest are the currentachievements in thefield of immunotherapy using topically and subcutaneouslylow dosage combinations of cytokines.This concise volumewill benefit those seeking a thorough review of the researchand the clinical aspects of RCC simultaneously.