Biomass is a growing source of energy in the UK. This report considers the use of wood-based fuels for space heating and water heating in the built environment. The opportunities for biomass to supply the energy needs of commercial, public and domestic buildings in the UK are reviewed, followed by an introduction to the technologies, fuels and boiler options. The supply chain, strengths and weaknesses are considered and the planning and regulations in this arena are outlined. Case studies illustrate twenty-four applications of biomass energy in a range of housing, commercial, educational and leisure buildings. The report concludes with a review of the case for renewable energy, the economics and costs involved, strengths and weaknesses and future opportunities. Signposts to further sources of information are also given.