This is a book of a series on interdisciplinary topics on the Biological and Mathematical Sciences. The chapters correspond to selected papers on special research themes, which have been presented at BIOMAT 2013 International Symposium on Mathematical and Computational Biology which was held in the Fields Institute for Research in Mathematical Sciences, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, on November 04 – 08, 2013. The treatment is both pedagogical and advanced in order to motivate research students as well as to fulfill the requirements of professional practitioners. There are comprehensive reviews written by prominent scientific leaders of famous research groups.