Cigarette smoke contain more than 3500 materials some of it are toxic and carcinogenic also it contains large amount of free radicals. Many researchers confirm that cigarette smoke cause number of diseases such as cardiovascular and arterial diseases Follow up of atherosclerosis requires years to observe the progression and occurrence of the disease, so to determine the essential factors that help us in early detection of atherosclerosis before appearance of sign and symptoms which may appear early or later on depending on avoiding conditions that may lead to or exacerbate atherosclerosis, we designate to study the followings in relation to atherosclerosis, which are: 1. Factors result in oxidative stress (free radicals). 2. Inflammations. 3. Blood thrombosis.