The Bloomsbury Encyclopedia of Popular Music Volume 9 is one of six volumes within the 'Genre' strand of the series. This volume discusses the genres of the Caribbean and Latin America relation to their cultural, historical and geographic origins; technical musical characteristics; instrumentation and use of voice; lyrics and language; typical features of performance and presentation; historical development and paths and modes of dissemination; influence of technology, the music industry and political and economic circumstances; changing stylistic features; notable and influential performers; and relationships to other genres and sub-genres. This volume features over 300 in-depth essays on genres ranging from Afro-Cuban Jazz to Alcatraz, from Carnaval to Charanga, and from Dancehall to Dub.This and all other volumes of the Encyclopedia are now available through an online version of the Encyclopedia: https://www.bloomsburypopularmusic.com/encyclopedia-work?docid=BPM_reference_EPMOW. A general search function for the whole Encyclopedia is also available on this site. A subscription is required to access individual entries. Please see: https://www.bloomsburypopularmusic.com/for-librarians.