The book provides valuable information about the Boswellia papyrifera tree species which considered to be one of important forest resources that found in most states of the Sudan, south of latitude 14° N.It is a multipurpose perennial tree that produces gum resin. In addition to the multiple uses of its wood in local carpentry work and other wood related industries (match-boxes, pencils, air-conditioning particles, etc), the leaves are used as fodder for livestock during the dry season. It also appears to play a great ecological role.It can contribute significantly in the livelihood of the local inhabitants and in the economy of the country as a whole. The aim of the book is to explore the importance of the species and to increase the the awareness of all the beneficiaries, the decision makers and other relevant environmental organizations for proper planning and sustainable management of these Boswellia stands to play their role in livelihood, poverty reduction and the general economy in Sudan.And consequently contribute to the climate change, green economy and Rio+20 process