Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women, and ranks first in most countries. It is a major public health concern. Its causes are incompletely understood, whether they be environmental, occupational or lifestyle factors, genetic susceptibility factors or gene-environment interactions. Data on occupational and environmental factors in breast cancer in Tunisia are scarce and patchy. To our knowledge, no study analyzing the link between occupational exposure and breast cancer has yet been carried out in our country. With this in mind, we conducted a case-control study with the aim of describing the socio-professional characteristics of breast cancer patients and determining the occupational and lifestyle-related environmental factors implicated in the genesis of this cancer.