In the past caries diagnosis and treatment was limited to detection and restoration of cavitated lesions. This drill and fill method failed to detect the underlying etiologic factor. Preventive programs should be instituted by analyzing the caries risk of the patient and providing a customized program to suit the need of patient. Regular monitoring and appropriate intervention are critical for changing the oral environment from one of hostility to one directed towards repair and stability. This book gives an overview on need for prevention, various modes of caries prevention and recent advances in caries prevention including the role of herbs in caries prevention.