Catastrophic Episodes in Earth History: Topics in the Earth Sciences
Autor Claude Albrittonen Limba Engleză Paperback – 3 ian 2013
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Specificații
ISBN-13: 9789401091480
ISBN-10: 940109148X
Pagini: 240
Ilustrații: XVII, 221 p.
Dimensiuni: 155 x 235 x 13 mm
Greutate: 0.34 kg
Ediția:Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 1989
Editura: SPRINGER NETHERLANDS
Colecția Springer
Seria Topics in the Earth Sciences
Locul publicării:Dordrecht, Netherlands
ISBN-10: 940109148X
Pagini: 240
Ilustrații: XVII, 221 p.
Dimensiuni: 155 x 235 x 13 mm
Greutate: 0.34 kg
Ediția:Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 1989
Editura: SPRINGER NETHERLANDS
Colecția Springer
Seria Topics in the Earth Sciences
Locul publicării:Dordrecht, Netherlands
Public țintă
ResearchCuprins
1 Historical and legendary disasters.- 1.1 Natural disasters of historical record.- 1.2 Legendary accounts of floods.- 1.3 A naturalistic account of the deluge from the 17th century.- 1.4 The Ussher chronology.- 2 Obligatory catastrophism of the latter 17th century.- 2.1 Constraints on theorizing based on biblical chronology.- 2.2 Steno’s prodromus.- 2.3 Hooke’s views on fossils, floods and earthquakes.- 3 The antiquity of the Earth as perceived in Neptunist and Plutonist theories of the 18th century.- 3.1 Neptunian theories.- 3.2 Hutton’s Plutonist theory.- 3.3 Theoretical geology towards the end of the 18th century.- 4 Geology’s heroic age.- 4.1 Geological isms of the early 19th century.- 4.2 The Wernerian Society.- 4.3 Playfair’s Illustrations.- 4.4 Hall’s experiments.- 4.5 Cuvier’s catastrophism.- 4.6 Buckland’s diluvialism.- 5 Uniformitarians and catastrophists of the 19th century.- 5.1 Lyellian uniformitarianism.- 5.2 The christening of uniformitarianism and catastrophism.- 5.3 Sedgwick’s criticism of the uniformitarian doctrine.- 5.4 Lyell’s responses to his critics.- 5.5 Agassiz and the demise of diluvialism.- 5.6 Lyell’s influence on Darwin.- 5.7 The Kelvin disturbance.- 5.8 Discovery of radioactivity.- 6 Meteorite craters.- 6.1 Impact and explosion craters.- 6.2 The Meteor Crater of Arizona.- 6.3 Other solitary explosion craters.- 6.4 Impact craters.- 6.5 Mixed clusters of impact and explosion craters.- 6.6 The Tungushka meteor.- 6.7 The rarity of meteorite craters.- 7 Cryptoexplosion structures.- 7.1 General features.- 7.2 Controversy concerning origin.- 7.3 A sampler of cryptoexplosion structures.- 7.4 Effects of explosive impacts on organisms.- 8 Mass extinctions.- 8.1 Major episodes.- 8.2 The search for periodicities.- 8.3 Selectivityin extinction events.- 9 Catastrophist scenarios for mass extinctions.- 9.1 The Alvarez hypothesis for terminal Cretaceous extinctions.- 9.2 Evidence supportive of the Alvarez hypothesis.- 9.3 Consequences of impact and explosion of extraterrestrial bodies.- 9.4 Radiation as a cause of mass extinctions.- 9.5 ‘Bad water’ hypotheses.- 10 Extinction of the dinosaurs.- 10.1 Dinosaurmania.- 10.2 Discovery and naming.- 10.3 Points of general agreement concerning dinosaurs.- 10.4 Some hypotheses for extinction.- 10.5 Endotherms or ectotherms?.- 10.6 Bang or whimper?.- 11 Reactions to catastrophist hypotheses for mass extinctions.- 11.1 Hypotheses invoking impacts of extraterrestrial bodies.- 11.2 Hypotheses invoking radiation.- 11.3 Problems with iridium and other platinum-group metals.- 11.4 Evidence provided by microspherules.- 11.5 Arctic-spill hypothesis.- 12 Alternative hypotheses for mass extinctions.- 12.1 Related to volcanism.- 12.2 Related to changes in global temperature.- 12.3 Related to changes in sea-level.- 12.4 Related to history of plant life.- 13 The new catastrophism.- 13.1 Revival of uniformitarianism in the 20th century.- 13.2 A change in perspective.- 13.3 The impactors.- 13.4 Impact as a fundamental process in planetary evolution.- 13.5 Cosmic impacts and explosions.- 13.6 Giant impact theory of lunar origin.- 13.7 Catastrophic causes of mass extinctions.- 13.8 Status of neocatastrophism.- 13.9 A revolution in the Earth and planetary sciences?.- 13.10 Progress of the extinction debate.- 13.11 A farewell to isms.- References.