Prostitution is the act or practice of providing sexual services to another person in return for payment. People who execute such activities are called prostitutes. Prostitution is one of the branches of sex industry which has social, economic, moral problem and also a major factor for the wide spread of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) such as HIV/ADIS. To develop the response to this rapidly growing problem, lots of researches have been done on prostitution in general and on adult women prostitution in particular. However, studies on adult women prostitutes not clearly put the causes and effects of adult women prostitution. This monograph, therefore contains an attempt has been made to assess the causes and effects of adult women prostitution in Wolaita with particular reference to soddo town, and also forward possible suggestions to alleviate the problem.