The scientific study of climate falls under the domain of climatology. It is a branch of atmospheric science. It is closely related to the fields of oceanography and biogeochemistry. Climatology primarily deals with the analysis and modeling of the physical laws that determine the climate. The climate models are used for numerous purposes such as studying the dynamics of the weather and creating future climate projections. Climatology is broadly divided into three subcategories, on the basis of the purpose and complexity of research. These are scientific climatology, descriptive climatology and applied climatology. Some of the other sub-fields of climatology are paleoclimatology, historical climatology and boundary-layer climatology. This textbook is a valuable compilation of topics, ranging from the basic to the most complex theories and principles in the field of climatology. Some of the diverse topics covered herein address the varied branches that fall under this category. This book will provide comprehensive knowledge to the readers.