There are a number of respiratory disorders peculiar to India and other tropical countries. In particular, pulmonary infections in the tropics are subjects that deserve far more attention than it has received from Western authors. For example, tuberculosis (TB) is a disease that has existed since antiquity. It is a major threat to global health, being the second highest cause of death from any infectious disease second only to HIV/AIDS. In 2005 alone, there were 9 million new cases and 1.6million deaths from TB globally. In India, TB is one of the major public health problems. Similarly, other lung diseases like tumor, asthma, pneumonia, and environmental lung disorders are major causes of concern.This volume discusses the clinical features, diagnosis, and management and treatment of respiratory diseases prevalent in the Indian subcontinent as well as South East Asia. The increasing menace of lung cancer and the unsolved challenges of pulmonary tuberculosis have been given special emphasis. The literature is also applicable to other developing countries of the world.