Rather than defying Western andragogy, this book addresses this popular theory from different international cultural perspectives, showing how it can be understood differently, or even misunderstood, in different social contexts. In fact, andragogy is not the only theory in adult learning. More are looking for alternative theories such as the theory of transformative learning. This book offers an opportunity to reflect on adult education in world communities, to critically examine our own practices and perspectives, and to gain valuable personal and professional insight. Kathleen P. King is a Professor and Director of the Regional Educational Technology Center (RETC) and Program Director of the M.S. in Adult Education and Human Resource Development at Fordham University's Graduate School of Education. Victor C.X. Wang is Assistant Professor at the Department of Professional Studies, University of California, Long Beach.