Complete ABAP: SAP Press Englisch

Kiran Bandari is a solution architect for one of world's leading confection companies, and has been working with ABAP for more than 10 years. He has worked as a lead ABAP consultant on multiple SAP implementations, roll outs, and upgrade projects with a specific focus on custom development using ABAP Objects and Web Dynpro ABAP. He is also an industry trainer and has conducted ABAP training workshops for major clients like Wrigley's, IBM, Accenture, CapGemini, and more.

... Acknowledgments ... 21

... Preface ... 23

... Objective of This Book ... 23

... Target Audience ... 23

... Structure of This Book ... 24

1 ... Introduction to ERP and SAP ... 27

1.1 ... Historical Overview ... 27

1.2 ... Understanding an ERP System ... 30

1.3 ... Introduction to SAP ... 33

1.4 ... ABAP Overview ... 38

1.5 ... System Requirements ... 42

1.6 ... Summary ... 43

2 ... Architecture of an SAP System ... 45

2.1 ... Introduction to the Three-Tier Architecture ... 45

2.2 ... SAP Implementation Overview ... 47

2.3 ... Data Structures ... 60

2.4 ... Summary ... 70

3 ... Introduction to the ABAP Environment ... 71

3.1 ... SAP Environment ... 71

3.2 ... ABAP Workbench Overview ... 80

3.3 ... Eclipse IDE Overview ... 89

3.4 ... SAP Business Technology Platform, ABAP Environment ... 94

3.5 ... Summary ... 95

4 ... ABAP Programming Concepts ... 97

4.1 ... General Program Structure ... 98

4.2 ... ABAP Syntax ... 99

4.3 ... ABAP Keywords ... 102

4.4 ... Introduction to the TYPE Concept ... 103

4.5 ... ABAP Statements ... 126

4.6 ... Creating Your First ABAP Program ... 128

4.7 ... Summary ... 133

5 ... Structures and Internal Tables ... 135

5.1 ... Defining Structures ... 136

5.2 ... Internal Tables ... 146

5.3 ... Introduction to Open SQL Statements ... 167

5.4 ... Processing Data from Databases via Internal Tables and Structures ... 181

5.5 ... Introduction to the Debugger ... 183

5.6 ... Practice ... 186

5.7 ... Summary ... 186

6 ... User Interaction ... 187

6.1 ... Selection Screen Overview ... 187

6.2 ... Messages ... 204

6.3 ... Summary ... 211

7 ... Modularization Techniques ... 213

7.1 ... Modularization Overview ... 213

7.2 ... Program Structure ... 217

7.3 ... Events ... 231

7.4 ... Procedures ... 240

7.5 ... Inline Declarations ... 264

7.6 ... Summary ... 266

8 ... Object-Oriented ABAP ... 267

8.1 ... Procedural Programming versus Object-Oriented Programming ... 267

8.2 ... Principles of Object-Oriented Programming ... 271

8.3 ... Encapsulation ... 279

8.4 ... Inheritance ... 286

8.5 ... Polymorphism ... 296

8.6 ... Working with the Extensible Markup Language ... 313

8.7 ... Summary ... 317

9 ... Exception Handling ... 319

9.1 ... Exceptions Overview ... 319

9.2 ... Procedural Exception Handling ... 320

9.3 ... Class-Based Exception Handling ... 324

9.4 ... Messages in Exception Classes ... 333

9.5 ... Summary ... 339

10 ... ABAP Data Dictionary ... 341

10.1 ... Database Tables ... 342

10.2 ... Views ... 367

10.3 ... Data Types ... 378

10.4 ... Type Groups ... 388

10.5 ... Domains ... 389

10.6 ... Search Helps ... 392

10.7 ... Lock Objects ... 400

10.8 ... Summary ... 404

11 ... Persistent Data ... 405

11.1 ... Working with Data in Databases ... 406

11.2 ... ABAP Object Services ... 423

11.3 ... File Interfaces ... 428

11.4 ... Data Clusters ... 432

11.5 ... Security Concepts ... 434

11.6 ... Summary ... 436

12 ... Dialog Programming ... 439

12.1 ... Screen Events ... 440

12.2 ... Screen Elements and Flow Logic ... 443

12.3 ... Basic Screen Elements ... 455

12.4 ... Input/Output Fields ... 460

12.5 ... List Box ... 461

12.6 ... Table Controls ... 462

12.7 ... Tabstrip Controls ... 468

12.8 ... Subscreens ... 470

12.9 ... Working with Screens ... 471

12.10 ... Control Framework ... 483

12.11 ... Practice ... 486

12.12 ... Summary ... 489

13 ... List Screens ... 491

13.1 ... Program Types ... 491

13.2 ... Program Execution ... 495

13.3 ... Memory Organization ... 498

13.4 ... List Events ... 502

13.5 ... Basic Lists and Detail Lists ... 507

13.6 ... Classical Reports ... 511

13.7 ... Interactive Reports ... 511

13.8 ... Practice ... 516

13.9 ... Summary ... 517

14 ... Selection Screens ... 519

14.1 ... Defining Selection Screens ... 520

14.2 ... Selection Screen Events ... 521

14.3 ... Input Validations ... 523

14.4 ... Selection Screen Variants ... 525

14.5 ... Executing Programs in the Background ... 534

14.6 ... Displaying and Hiding Screen Elements Dynamically ... 536

14.7 ... Calling Programs via Selection Screens ... 538

14.8 ... Summary ... 538

15 ... SAP List Viewer Reports ... 541

15.1 ... Standard ALV Reports Using the Reuse Library ... 542

15.2 ... Interactive Reports ... 559

15.3 ... ALV Reports Using the Control Framework ... 566

15.4 ... ALV Object Model ... 568

15.5 ... SAP List Viewer with Integrated Data Access ... 576

15.6 ... Summary ... 578

16 ... Dynamic Programming ... 579

16.1 ... Field Symbols ... 580

16.2 ... Data References ... 594

16.3 ... Runtime Type Services ... 599

16.4 ... Dynamic Token Specification ... 604

16.5 ... Dynamic Procedure Calls ... 606

16.6 ... Dynamic Program Generation ... 608

16.7 ... Summary ... 610

17 ... Debugging ... 611

17.1 ... Classic Debugger ... 612

17.2 ... New Debugger ... 623

17.3 ... ABAP Managed Database Procedures Debugger ... 627

17.4 ... Using the Debugger to Troubleshoot ... 627

17.5 ... Using the Debugger as a Learning Tool ... 629

17.6 ... Summary ... 630

18 ... Forms ... 631

18.1 ... SAP Scripts ... 633

18.2 ... Smart Forms ... 654

18.3 ... SAP Interactive Forms by Adobe ... 677

18.4 ... Summary ... 697

19 ... Interfaces ... 699

19.1 ... Batch Data Communication ... 700

19.2 ... Business Application Programming Interfaces ... 713

19.3 ... EDI/ALE/IDocs ... 727

19.4 ... Legacy System Migration Workbench ... 754

19.5 ... Web Services ... 765

19.6 ... OData Services ... 777

19.7 ... Extensible Stylesheet Language Transformations ... 788

19.8 ... XML and JSON Data Representation ... 790

19.9 ... WebSockets (ABAP Channels and Messages) ... 792

19.10 ... Summary ... 799

20 ... Modifications and Enhancements ... 801

20.1 ... Customization Overview ... 801

20.2 ... Modification Overview ... 803

20.3 ... Using the Modification Assistant ... 803

20.4 ... Using the Modification Browser ... 810

20.5 ... Enhancements Overview ... 811

20.6 ... User Exits ... 812

20.7 ... Customer Exits ... 813

20.8 ... Business Add-Ins ... 822

20.9 ... Enhancement Points ... 834

20.10 ... Business Transaction Events ... 840

20.11 ... Summary ... 845

21 ... Test and Analysis Tools ... 847

21.1 ... Overview of Tools ... 847

21.2 ... ABAP Unit ... 849

21.3 ... Code Inspector ... 860

21.4 ... Selectivity Analysis ... 862

21.5 ... Process Analysis ... 864

21.6 ... Memory Inspector ... 866

21.7 ... Table Call Statistics ... 869

21.8 ... Performance Trace ... 871

21.9 ... ABAP Trace/Runtime Analysis ... 879

21.10 ... Single-Transaction Analysis ... 883

21.11 ... Dump Analysis ... 886

21.12 ... Summary ... 887

... The Author ... 889

... Index ... 891