This document contains the proceedings of the Symposium on Computational Aspects of Heat Transfer in Structures held at the Langley Research Center, November 1981. The symposium was jointly sponsored by the NASA Langley Research Center, Washington University, and Old Dominion University. The main these of the symposium was progress in improving national capability to efficiently calculate the temperature and thermal stress in complex structures with an emphasis on reentry flight-vehicle structures. Speakers were drawn from NASA, various other government scientific organizations, universities, aerospace companies, and computer software organizations. The symposium was organized in the following six sessions: 1) Computer Programs for Thermal Analysis; 2) Advancements in Analysis Techniques; 3) Thermal Analysis of Large Space Structures; 4) Thermal Analysis of High-Speed Vehicles; 5) Impact of New Computer Systems; 6) Concerns, Issues, and Future Directions.