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Consider Philosophy de Bruce N. Waller

Consider Philosophy

Autor Bruce N. Waller
en Limba Engleză Paperback – 30 sep 2010
Offering a balance of theory and applicationsthrough a mix of text and readings, "Consider Philosophy"begins with chapters coveringphilosophical theory, each of which isfollowed by related, classical readings. Featuring selections from the world s most influential philosophers, this combination of primary texts and explanatory pedagogy presents the material in a clear, accessible way that does not sacrifice rigor. Making connections among different philosophical theories throughout, the text helps students to engage the subject matter and apply theories to important contemporaryphilosophical issues. "
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Specificații

ISBN-13: 9780205644223
ISBN-10: 0205644228
Pagini: 494
Dimensiuni: 203 x 251 x 20 mm
Greutate: 0.77 kg
Ediția:1
Editura: Prentice Hall
Locul publicării:Upper Saddle River, United States

Descriere

Offering a balance of theory and applications through a mix of text and readings, Consider Philosophy begins with chapters covering philosophical theory, each of which is followed by related, classical readings. 
 
Featuring selections from the world’s most influential philosophers, this combination of primary texts and explanatory pedagogy presents the material in a clear, accessible way that does not sacrifice rigor.  Making connections among different philosophical theories throughout, the text helps students to engage the subject matter and apply theories to important contemporary philosophical issues.

Cuprins

Table of Contents
Chapter One:  Thinking Critically and Cordially About Philosophy
            Irrelevant Reason Fallacy
            Ad Hominem Arguments
            Strawman Fallacy
            Appeal to Authority
            Exercises
            Glossary
            Further Reading
 
Chapter Two:  Philosophical Questions About Religion
            Conceptions of God
            Arguments for Existence of God
                        The Cosmological Argument
                        The Ontological Argument
                        The Argument from Design
                        The Intuitive Argument
                        Pascal’s Wager
            The Problem of Evil
            Ockham’s Razor
            Do Science and Religion Occupy Different Spheres?
            Readings
                        From Genesis and Exodus
                        Spinoza, from A Theologico-Political Treatise
                        Aristotle, from The Metaphysics
                        Leibniz, from Theodicy
                        Stephen Gould, “Non-Overlapping Magisteria”
                        Richard Dawkins,  “You Can’t Have it Both Ways: Irreconcilable Differences?”
            Questions for Thought
            Glossary
            Further Reading
 
Chapter Three:  What Can We Know?
            Skepticism
                        The Copernican Revolution
            Descartes
                        Certainty
                        Descartes and Reason
                        Descartes’ Method of Doubt
                        I Think, Therefore I Exist
                        The Lasting Influence of Descartes
            Readings
                        Descartes, Meditations, 1 and 2
                        Wittgenstein, from On Certainty
            Questions for Thought
            Glossary
            Further Reading
 
Chapter Four:  Rationalism, Empiricism, Kant
            Rationalism
            God said, Let Newton Be
            Empiricism
                        John Locke
                        David Hume
            Immanuel Kant
            Readings
                        David Hume, An Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding, sections 2 and 12
                        Immanuel Kant, from Prolegomena to any Future Metaphysics
            Questions for Thought
            Glossary
            Further Reading
 
Chapter Five:  Contemporary Epistemology
            Permanence and Change
                        Evolution
                        Darwin
            Pragmatism
            Readings
                        William James, from Pragmatism
                        Bertrand Russell, “Transatlantic Truth”
                        John Dewey, from Reconstruction in Philosophy
            Questions for Thought
            Glossary
            Further Reading
 
Chapter Six:  What Is the Mind?
            Mechanism and the Mind
            Descartes and Mind-Body Dualism
                        Advantages of Mind-Body Dualism
                        Problems for Mind-Body Dualism and Interactionism
            Pre-Established Harmony
            Occasionalism
            Idealism
            Materialism
            Dual-Aspect Theory
            Functionalism
            Epiphenomenalism
            Consciousness
            Readings
                        Descartes, Meditations, 6
                        Daniel Dennett, “Where Am I?”
                        Thomas Nagel, “What Is It Like to Be a Bat?”
            Questions for Thought
            Glossary
            Additional Reading
           
Chapter Seven: Personal Identity
            Practical Implications of Personal Identity
            Physical Identity
            Souls and Personal Identity
            Memory and Identity
            Science Fiction and Personal Identity Problems
            Beyond Personal Identity
            Strains on Our Ordinary Concept of Personal Identity
            Identity and the One
            The Narrative Account of Personal Identity
            Readings
                        John Locke, from Essay Concerning Human Understanding
                        David Hume, from A Treatise of Human Nature
                        Derek Parfit, from Reasons and Persons
Alasdair MacIntyre, from After Virtue
            Questions for Thought
            Glossary
            Further Reading
 
Chapter Eight: Fatalism, Determinism, Free Will
            Fatalism
            Fatalism and Determinism
            Determinism
                        Resistance to Determinism
                                    Does Determinism Make God the Source of Evil?
            Readings
                        Lorenzo de Valla, “Dialogue on Free Will”
                        Desiderius Erasmus, from A Disquisition upon Free Will        
                        Martin Luther, from Bondage of the Will
                        David Hume, “Of Liberty and Necessity”
Questions for Reflection
Further Reading
 
Chapter 9: Is Free Will Compatible With Determinism?
            Does Determinism Destroy Creativity?
            Does Determinism Destroy Free Will?
                        Hard Determinism
                        Soft Determinism (Compatibilism)
                                    Hume’s Compatibilism
                                    Hierarchical Compatibilism
                                                Challenges to Hierarchical Compatibilism
                                    Rationalist Compatibilism
            Readings
                        William James, from Pragmatism
                        Harry G. Frankfurt, “Freedom of Will and the Concept of a Person”
                        Susan Wolf, “Asymmetrical Freedom”
            Questions for Reflection
            Further Reading
 
Chapter 10: Are We Morally Responsible?
            Libertarian Free Will
            What About Moral Responsibility?
            Should We Hold People Morally Responsible?
            Strong Feelings and Moral Responsibility
            Readings
                        Giovanni Pico della Mirandola, “Oration on the Dignity of Man”
                        C. A. Campbell, from On Selfhood and Godhood
                        Thomas Nagel, “Moral Luck”
                        Daniel Dennett, from Elbow Room
                        Bruce N. Waller, “Uneven Starts and Just Deserts”
            Questions for Reflection
            Additional Resources
 
Chapter 11: Ethics: Reason and Emotion
Kant vs. Hume
            Utilitarian Ethics
                        Criticisms of Utilitarianism
            Readings
                        David Hume, from A Treatise of Human Nature
Immanuel Kant, from Fundamental Principles of the Metaphysics of Morals, and The Critique of Practical Reason        
                        Jonathan Bennett, “The Conscience of Huckleberry Finn”
                        John Stuart Mill, from Utilitarianism
            Questions for Reflection
            Additional Reading
 
Chapter 12:  Ethical Theories
            Divine Command Theory of Ethics
            Relativism
            Egoism
            Social Contract Ethics
            Care Ethics
            Readings
                        James Rachels, “God and Human Attitudes”
                        George N. Schlesinger, from New Perspectives on Old-Time Religion
Elvin Hatch, “The Good Side of Relativism”
                        Thomas Hobbes, Leviathan
                        Jean Hampton,“Two Faces of Contractarian Thought”
                        Annette Baier,“What Do Women Want in a Moral Theory?”
            Questions for Reflection
            Additional Resources
 
Chapter 13:  Are There Objective Ethical Truths?
            Intuitionism
            Virtue Theory
            Ethical Nonobjectivism
                        The Argument from Diversity
                        The Argument from Queerness
            Contemporary Moral Realism
            Readings
                        W. D. Ross, from The Right and the Good
                        Aristotle, from Nicomachean Ethics
                        J. L. Mackie, from Ethics: Inventing Right and Wrong
                        Michael Smith, “Realism”
                        Richard Rorty, from Philosophy and Social Hope
            Questions for Reflection
            Additional Resources
 
Chapter 14: Political Philosophy
            Justification of Government
                        Social Contract
            Liberal and Conservative
            Positive and Negative Liberty
            Obeying or Disobeying the Law
            Readings
                        Jean-Jacques Rousseau, from “The Origin of Inequality”
Henry David Thoreau, from “Resistance to Civil Government”
                        John Stuart Mill, from On Liberty
            Questions for Reflection
            Additional Resources
 

Notă biografică

Dr. Bruce N. Waller is Chair of the Department of Philosophy and Religious Studies at Youngstown State University. He received his Ph.D. in 1979 from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. His other works include Consider Ethics: Theory, Readings, and Contemporary Issues, Critical Thinking: Consider the Verdict, You Decide! Current Debates in Criminal Justice, You Decide! Current Debates in Contemporary Moral Problems, You Decide! Current Debates in Introductory Philosophy, You Decide! Current Debates in Ethics, and Coffee and Philosophy: A Conversational Introduction to Philosophy with Readings.

Caracteristici

Hallmark Features: 
A conversational style and reader-friendly text will appeal to the interests of both students and teachers alike.
An approach that emphasizes the strongest arguments and positions on each question; making clear that many philosophical questions remain open and disputed issues -- inviting students to draw their own conclusions.
All of the accessible readings were selected to engage students -- while ranging over key philosophical questions and eras, from Aristotle to contemporary work.
"Questions for reflection" sections introduce significant philosophical questions while avoiding simplistic “find the right answer” formats. They promote discussion by placing philosophical questions into the context of student life.
The subjects of this text are given firm grounding from which to begin dissection rather than posing philosophical issues as isolated exercises.  For example: Rather than simply examining the question of skepticism, the text examines the social factors that prompt periods of skepticism; rather than considering questions about the mind as a purely abstract philosophical exercise.
"Further Reading" sections help identify extra material for students or teachers interested in expanding upon what the text already offers.
A glossary provides key defnitions of main concepts wihtin each chapter.
 

Caracteristici noi

N/A

Recenzii

It is not overloaded and excessive, nor is it superficial and "dumbed down." It contains important primary readings, helpful "questions for thought," and a useful glossary at the end of each chapter. -Professor Robert Gall, WestLiberty StateCollege Wide-ranging, engaging, clear, comprehensible, geared toward students learning how to think philosophically rather than just understand or recite philosophical arguments. -Professor Julinna Oxley, Coastal Carolina University Its got broad topical and historical coverage and it's organized well for semester teaching. -Professor Sean Stidd, WayneState University "The strength of the book is its straightforward writing style that doesn't complicate things too much for intro students, and the questions for reflection that are at the end of the chapters. These are the kinds of questions my students could write an essay on instead of writing a paper." - Julinna Oxley, Coastal Carolina University "The text seems to strike the right balance in terms of the amount of material covered. It is not overloaded and excessive, nor is it superficial and "dumbed down." It contains important primary readings, helpful "questions for thought," and a useful glossary at the end of each chapter." - Robert Gall, West Liberty State College "The questions at the end of each chapter are great. They are not just questions of what was stated in the chapter, but are straightforward, compelling questions or thought experiments that students at any level could understand and attempt to answer. I also like the quotes in the boxes, which were from a wide variety of sources, including history and culture. These are useful and interesting without distracting from the main line of argument or questions being raised. The writing is also clear and straightforward, without too much complexity." - Julinna Oxley, Coastal Carolina University "The writing style is very clear and straightforward. This is great. The level is appropriate for students and is not so long-winded. (I think they would not complain about Waller's writing.) Also, the examples used to introduce the topics at the beginning of each chapter are great. He also guides the reader through how to think of the issues, and doesn't just try to explain things. Focus on determinism. Now that helps the student focus on the topic at hand which may be hard for them to do." - Julinna Oxley, Coastal Carolina University "I very much like the author's writing style and his introduction to key issues in philosophy. He makes complicated issues interesting and accessible and he locates them within a broader social perspective that includes historical facts, religious pressures, and political conditions. This would be a very welcome addition to my teaching introduction to philosophy." - Jennifer Lackey, Northwestern University