The present book has three broad objectives namely a) to study the patterns, trends and regional variations in couple characteristics in India, b)to study how various social, economic, cultural and demographic factors affect couple differentials in India and c) to discuss various implications of couple characteristics on their fertility and fertility preference. It is based on the analysis of large scale survey data collected in National Family Health Survey(NFHS-3, 2005-06) in India. The book is organized into ten main chapters out of which seven chapters exclusively focus on one particular aspect of the couple characteristics. The book is of importance and interest not only to population scientists, demographers, sociologists, health planners but also to other social scientists, policy makers and administrators as well.