A quote attributed to P. A. M. Dirac states that the first chapter of quantum mechanics needs to be completed. The starting point in classical mechanics is considered a free particle's rest state, and this should also be the starting point for quantum mechanics. However, this starting point assumes mass is an intrinsic property of matter which is not necessarily true. The authors stumbled on a few analytical missteps, corrected these missteps and found that a different picture of mass emerges. The misconception that quantum behavior is only restricted to a small scale is eliminated in this view. A new quantum wave equation capable of describing a quantum particle's rest state and mass evolved from the change in perspective. Applying these concepts about mass to the photon on a large scale yields some new activities for the photon and some different explanations to some old problems in cosmology and astronomy. Our book is structured so that a general reader will come away with a good understanding of why this work was performed and how it was accomplished. The readers will then be able to consider for themselves the results and how they affect the concepts of measurement, time and self energy. A detailed guide has been provided at the end with the main background reading. (c) Casting Analysis Corp. 2011