Dark Medicine – Rationalizing Unethical Medical Research de William R. Lafleur

Dark Medicine – Rationalizing Unethical Medical Research

William R. Lafleur

Gernot Böhme

Susumu Shimazono

en Limba Engleză Paperback – 16 iul 2008

The trial of the "German doctors" exposed atrocities of Nazi medical science and led to the Nuremberg Code governing human experimentation. In Japan, Unit 731 carried out hideous experiments on captured Chinese and downed American pilots. In the United States, stories linger of biological experimentation during the Korean War. This collection of essays looks at the dark medical research conducted during and after World War II. Contributors describe this research, how it was brought to light, and the rationalizations of those who perpetrated and benefited from it; look at the response to the revelations of this horrific research and its implications for present-day medicine and ethics; and offer lessons about human experimentation in an age of human embryo research and genetic engineering.

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Cuprins

Preface; AcknowledgmentsIntroduction: The Knowledge Tree and Its Double Fruit - William R. LaFleurPart 1. The Gruesome Past and Lessons Not Yet Learned 1. Rationalizing Unethical Medical Research: Taking Seriously the Case of Viktor von Weizsecker - Gernot Bihme; 2. Medical Research, Morality, and History: The German Journal Ethik and the Limits of Human Experimentation - Andreas Frewer; 3. Experimentation on Humans and Informed Consent: How We Arrived Where We Are - Rolf Winau; 4. The Silence of the Scholars - Benno Muller-Hill; 5. The Ethics of Evil: The Challenge and the Lessons of Nazi Medical Experiments - Arthur L. Caplan; 6. Unit 731 and the Human Skulls Discovered in 1989: Physicians Carrying Out Organized Crimes - Kei-ichi Tsuneishi; 7. Biohazard: Unit 731 in Postwar Japanese Politics of National "Forgetfulness" - Frederick R. Dickinson; 8. Biological Weapons: The United States and the Korean War - G. Cameron Hurst III; 9. Experimental Injury: Wound Ballistics and Aviation Medicine in Mid-century America - Susan Lindee; 10. Stumbling Toward Bioethics: Human Experiments Policy and the Early Cold War - Jonathan D. MorenoPart 2. The Conflicted Present and the Worrisome Future 11. Toward an Ethics of Iatrogenesis - Rene C. Fox; 12. Strategies for Survival versus Accepting Impermanence: Rationalizing Brain Death and Organ Transplantation Today - Tetsuo Yamaori; 13. The Age of a "Revolutionized Human Body" and the Right to Die - Yoshihiko Komatsu; 14. Why We Must Be Prudent in Research Using Human Embryos: Differing Views of Human Dignity - Susumu Shimazono; 15. Eugenics, Reproductive Technologies, and the Feminist Dilemma in Japan - Miho Ogino; 16. Refusing Utopia's Bait: Research, Rationalizations, and Hans Jonas - William R. LaFleurList of Contributors; Index

Recenzii

"A fascinating and timely new book . . . The take-home message of the 16 contributors to Dark Medicine is that a nation's books on past episodes of unethical practice should never be fully closed, and that ethical committees in science and medicine should never neglect the historical perspective of their own and other countries." New Scientist